The Fire Sermon Analysis Essay Example

The Fire Sermon Analysis Paper Sofilda Totoni March 3rd, 2011 Lit 216 â€Å"The Fire Sermon† Analysis. This section, and the longest of Elliot’s â€Å"The Waste Land†, depicts poor, gloomy, lethargic scenery in which the themes of lust, sexual ambiguity, moral degradation, spiritual melancholy, abound throughout the poem. The poet himself often embodies the role of ancient and mythological figures to which he alludes in order to strike the readers infatuation. He continually reminds us that beauty, love, passions which was once food for the soul, are turned to slaves of our egoistical, materialistic, relished physical needs. The central character is the poet himself who often takes on the roles of the Fisher King and Tiresias in order to convey his message. The other characters, Actaeon and Dian replaced by Sweeney and Mr. Porter, Thames’s daughters, The clerk and the typist, Queen Elizabeth with her suitor Earl of Leicester;-all these are foil and flat characters who although taken from, and alluded to past, famous literary works, their presence and revelation is to unveil the narrator’s major themes and ideas. These characters are stereotypes or archetypes throughout the work. The scenery and images implied in the work play a major role in describing and interpreting the contextual setting of a pictorial framework. Elliot opens this section with the image of a river in late autumn, or early winter: â€Å"The River’s tent is broke; the last fingers of leaf clutch and sink into the wet bank. the nymphs are departed. Elliot cites here Spencer’s â€Å"Prothalamion† with the line: â€Å"Sweet Thames, run softly till I end my song†. He takes us to Spencer’s Thames and ‘bridal song’ that suggests celebrating life and happiness along Thames. He quickly changes scenery and contrasts this setting with the one he’s witnessing. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire Sermon Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire Sermon Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire Sermon Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He’s sitting by the Leman-French for Lake Geneva, where he witnesses degradation, elements of the modern world-â€Å"empty bottles, sandwich papers, cardboard boxes, cigarette ends†. Then Elliot starts weeping. His tears are reference to a passage from the Bible, Psalm 137, in which the people of Israel cry by the river as they remember Jerusalem. The image of death and urban decay is further revealed:-â€Å"a cold blast, bones rattle, and a rat creeps through vegetation /dragging its slimy belly on the bank†. The rat symbolizes grossness, filth, moral corruption of the modern world. The rat also illustrates Elliot’s spiritual world; he feels disappointed, belittled â€Å"fishing in the dull canal†, and just like the rat who creeps through trash in search for food, the poet himself is in search for food for the soul, he wants to infiltrate through the rubbish material he is presented, and find the spiritual muse for his further works. Elliot takes on the role of The Fisher King alluding to Jessie L Weston’s â€Å"From Ritual to Romance† and its description of the Grail Legend. The poet also combines the â€Å"Tempest† Shakespeare’s drama elements which are also used in earlier lines of â€Å"The Waste Land† in referral to Grail Legend. Musing upon the king my brother’s wreck/and on the king my father’s death before him. The ill, impotent King Fisher embodied by Elliot, describes the wasteland that stretches before him: -white bodies naked on the low damp ground† and bones scattered in a little dry garret/Rattled by the rat’s foot only, year to year† Once again, the rats appear again to portray a hell setting. Elliot proceeds to the allusion of John Day’s â€Å"The Parliament of Bees† that describes the tale of Actaeon and Diana accordingly referred by â€Å"Sweeney and Mrs. Porter. â€Å"The sound of horns and motors which shall bring Sweeney to Mrs. Porter in the spring† Later on he alludes to Verlaine’s Parisfal , where Parisfal resisted the seduction of Kundry which in turn as a sign of respect washed his feet paralleling with the adulteress who washed the feet of Christ to be redeemed. It is evident that throughout these lines the love motif becomes apparent and indicative of young, passionate emotions which later on turn to lust and immorality. The next four bizarre lines: Twit twit twit/jug jug jug/ So rudely forc’d Tereu; refer to describe the sound of Philomela as nightingale. Twit, twit twit –seem to recall a bird’s song. It all goes back in† A game of Chess† to the story of the woman who was violated and took her revenge. â€Å"So rudely forc’d† refers to Tereu’s violation. The moral degradation goes on as the narrator takes us to another scene and image description. The â€Å"Unreal City† takes the reader back to London. Mr Eugenides , the Smyrna merchant, carrying a pack of of forbidden mysteries, invites the narrator to luncheon at Cannon Street hotel and a weekend at the Metropole. The narrator then takes on the role of Tiresias, the â€Å"Old man with wrinkled female breasts†. Elliot does it again. He evives, recasts once again mythology as a modern aspect to compare cheap sexual encounters with the pure and noble young love. Tiresias, the blind prophet, ironically sits back and watches the young clerk and typist indulge in sex and lust, looking beyond the potential romance that any relationship carries. â€Å"Endeavors to engage her in caresses †¦flushed and decided , he assaulted at once; Exploring hands encounter no defence; After the passionate sex has been consummated, the young man departs as a stranger creeping up in darkness â€Å"gropes his way, finding the stairs unlit†. The young woman barely notices his departures, showing a gesture of indifference â€Å"Well now that’s done: and I’m glad it’s over†-she feels alone, empty in vague, and lost in confusion-â€Å" Paces about her room again, alone/smoothes her hair with automatic hand, And puts a record on the gramophone† The musicality of the poem takes the poet and the reader to quiet, peaceful and relaxing places:-a public bar in Lower Thames/The pleasant whining of a mandolin/Where fishermen longue at noon/the walls of Magnus Martyr hold inexplicable splendor of Ionian white and gold† The splendor serenity is disrupted by the lamented song of Thames three daughters †Weilalala leia-Wallala leialala†. The poet here takes the theme and the story from Spencer’s Gotterdammerung â€Å"The Rhine daughters†. The three daughters sing and weep about their mournful love stories and betrayals. One of them recalls the promises her lover made â€Å" He wept. He promised â€Å"a new start†. She scornfully recalls and regrets those times with deep shame and embarrassment:- â€Å"I can connect nothing with nothing. The broken fingernails of dirty hands†. Among the Rhine’s daughter’s tragic stories, Elliot recalls and brings back Queen Elizabeth’s and Earl of Leicester relationship which although in reality characterized by a pure and noble-natured relationship, in the poem is depicted as heroic and passionate, thus following the trend of contemporary life. The author again alludes to past authoritative figures by means of irony and parody to whip the social occurrences and trends that ruin such purity and nobility. The poem ends with the references to St Augustine’s Confessions and Buddha’s Fire Sermon which represent the western and eastern asceticism. Just as the title of this section of poem suggests, Buddha warned against surrender to the senses which are â€Å"on fire†. When the disciple becomes purged of passion , he becomes free†-Through metaphor, symbolism, and allusion the sermon thus serves as a lesson preached and delivered to the reader with a strong message: â€Å"Do not surrender to the dangers of youthful lust† Elliot’s style, language and form makes him the father of modernism. His use of irony, satire, dramatic monologues, language slangs and shifts to foreign phrases; the quotations and citations to mythology, Old Testament, historical figures; the intensive notes which are deep and obscure, the musical tones that penetrate the poem;-these and other artistic elements give the poem a disjointed nature but unique at the same time. Citations and References: Elliot’s footnotes Eliot, T. S. (1963). Collected Poems, 1909-1962. New York: Harcourt, Brace World Gish, Nancy (1988). The Waste Land: A Students Companion to the Poem. Boston: The sixth edition of The Norton Anthrology of English Literature. Jennifer Sorensen Emery-Peck â€Å"Tom and Vivien Eliot Do Narrative in Different Voices: Mixing Genres in The Waste Land’s Pub

Capital Punishment and John Grisham essays

Capital Punishment and John Grisham essays Every society in history has wrought punishments upon those who have violated its laws and/or codes of conduct. From Hammurabis eye for an eye to the some Middle Eastern countries practice of amputating the hands of thieves, many of these punishments involve violence and pain. Some governmental systems are willing to execute those convicted of the worst crimes. The United States of America is one of the countries which feels comfortable with killing its own citizens. The Chamber by John Grisham deals, in detail, with the subject of capital punishment. This novel forces its readers to seriously consider the consequences of the death penalty, especially in the broken, lumbering legal system existing today in the United States. The book discusses almost every possible argument against capital punishment. The character who is set to die in the gas chamber, Sam Cayhall, is a textbook example of most of them. First, there is the issue of what to do with a person who has, in the past, done horrible things but is now harmless and deeply regretful of his/her actions. The crime for which Sam is on death row occurred more than 30 years before his execution. He has definitely been denied a timely punishment. He is already in his 60s and will likely die soon anyway. There is also a question as to whether execution is giving a criminal the easy way out. Sam says he is happy that he will be executed and that if, by some outside chance, he got a last-minute stay of execution, he would rather kill himself than spend more time rotting alive in his tiny, hot cell. Another point of contention for those opposed to the death penalty is that inevitably, innocent people will die. With the death penalty, there is no way to take it back if a mistake is discovered after the punishment is carried out. Sam has been convicted of a bombing in which two ...

Lecture Summaries #5 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lecture Summaries #5 - Coursework Example However, upon assuming his position as the president, Franklin Roosevelt’s determination to make effective changes to the economy led him into developing a program identified as the New Deal. This program was a representation of the culmination of long-term trends towards abandoning the â€Å"laissez-faire† capitalism to regulating the railroads, as well as the introduction of a number of reform legislations. The main aim of the program was to rid the nation from the financial illness that was paralyzing it. Some of the changes realized after the introduction of the New Deal are inclusive of the adoption of a program advocating for cooperation between the government and private businesses. On the other hand, President Roosevelt established a central economic planning in order to rescue capitalism as well as guarantee that the government was democratically representative. He used funds from the government to uplift the economy (America in the 20th Century, 10). Conversely, the New Deal utilized government policies for the redistribution of wealth from the wealthy individuals in the country, to the individuals in need. One of the causes leading to the economic crisis during the great depression was the heavy loans the banks gave to investors for stock purchases. The second New deal led to the introduction of social reform programs that would strengthen the commitment of the nation to create jobs and provide security against unemployment, illnesses and old age. The articles on the Second World War provide a revelation of some of the factors that led to its commencement as well as the way Americans responded to the war. Some of the factors leading to the commencement of the war include the fact that there were a number of unresolved issues from the First World War, outbursts from the worldwide economic depression and the stock crash in the year 1929, and American isolationism among other factors. One of the causes leading to

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The glass menagerie by tenesse williams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The glass menagerie by tenesse williams - Essay Example The play is full of imagery and symbolism. Williams uses the characters in the play as symbols themselves. Amanda Wingfield is a southern woman who got abandoned by her husband and is mother to Tom and Laura. In the most parts of the play, she spends her time reminiscing on her past. She also cuts across to the reader as a control freak who nags Tom and Laura by trying to control their every move in the family’s house. She is entirely dependent on Tom for their house rent but still dictates when it is appropriate to play music in the house, dismiss people from the dining table, and even offers her children advice on how they should chew food properly! The yellow dress and bathrobe get used by Williams to symbolize Amanda’s longing for her long gone past. She struggles to put aside her love for his husband who abandoned her. Tom acts as the play’s protagonist and narrator. As a character, he appears to be full of contradiction. Tom’s participation in the play depicts juvenile emotion. Tom is ambitious throughout the play as he works hard to provide for his family. He constantly expresses his love for writing poetry, reading literature, and even has dreams of abandoning his family just to get an escape and have adventure with life’s allure. He however appears bound to their house hold and the petty, squalid living it has to offer. He appears to care for both his mother and sister but becomes cruel to them at times. Even though his father abandoned the family, he draws influence from his absentee father’s family portrait in the household. He follows in his footsteps by abandoning Laura and Amanda at the play’s end leaving them shattered and devastated. Laura is the emotionally and physically crippled sister in the family. She cuts across as the only character in the play who is compassionate to everyone else by not hurting them. Her character is symbolic as she has the fewest lines in the lay

Jocasta: Queen Of Thebes

Jocasta: Queen Of Thebes Jocasta: Unacknowledged Misunderstood Surrounded by powerful and royal men, left in the background as if she; Jocasta Queen of Thebes was not important. In Sophocles play Oedipus the King, Queen Jocasta endures a tragic fate of her own. Queen Jocasta is not only imperative to the aiding of the story, but gives an more in depth look into Sophocles tragedy. To many people Oedipus is deemed as tragic individual within the play, but not only he should be focused on, Jocasta has encountered just as many tragedies if not more. She receives news about the murder of her husband king Laius, marries her son Oedipus and commits suicide when she finds out the prophecy from oracle has come true. Many people know the story of Oedipus the king, Oedipus who is prophesized to murder his father and marry his mother. At birth Oedipus is taken up to the mountains with his feet bonded to die, to protect the king and queen from the prophecy of the oracle. Perhaps if the story where told in Jocastas point of view, then readers would understand the amount of devastations she has really suffered. Readers will see that more then anything else; Jocasta is an innocent a victim of circumstances. Pregnant with her first child, Jocasta receives the prophecy from the oracle of Delphi that if she bores a son, he will kill the king and marry her. What would any young and impressionable mother do in that situation; but listen to the wise words of her husband and king. King Laius tells her that they must get rid of the baby. â€Å"I am fifteen and afraid to resist and tell myself it is my husbands right; the gods decree a wife obey her spouse (Jocasta)†. Jocasta, not much of a woman yet, can not do anything more then listen to her husband. She must give up her only child, although it is not what she wants to do, she must because it is her only option. â€Å"The only choice a woman has is that she wed accepting what the gods and men decree (Jocasta)†.Women in Jocastas time had no say no say in thing at all. All decisions were made by the men in their lives, their fathers, husbands and the gods. Women could not complain about the decision made, they could only accept th e decision and live with them. In Ruth F. Eisenbergs â€Å"Jocasta†, Sophocles play is told in Jocastas point of view. Eisenberg retells the story by giving a deeper insight on the struggles Jocasta faced as the young wife of Laius and also as the Queen of Thebes. â€Å"The baby cries, and Laius turns away. He summons a servant and orders me to hand my baby over, threatening me when I cry. The king will keep his own hands clean (Jocasta)†. Young and naive Jocasta must do what she is told by her husband or like Oedipus he might get rid of her. Jocasta could not question the great King Laius, she was not his equal. She was considered below him, like all the women other in Thebes during that time. Secondly, she fell in love with the man that solved the riddle of the sphinx, which happened to be her own son, Oedipus, who she has four children with. After many years of an unbearable and loveless marriage, Jocasta finally finds a man that she truly and deeply cares about. He is everything a woman would want smart, a good leader and loving. â€Å"He was at first my headstrong bull, but now he is what a man, a king, should be. Our love has brought to me the joy that I missed when I was young and thought Id never know (Jocasta)†. Her first marriage was so horrible she never though she would find real love. She is really happy with the man that her second husband is, he was everything King Laius was not. Her second husband gives her four beautiful children, children who she thought she would never have again. Two wonderful daughters and two strong sons, the four children she thought she would never have to give up. Everything was going perfect for Oedipus and Jocasta until the land started to come be dry and would not bare any crops. The people of Thebes began to suffer greatly and Oedipus decides to consult the oracle. Consequently, she finds out that everything oracle had predicted in fact did come true. A messenger from Corinth comes to tell Oedipus about the death of his alleged father Polybus, and asks him to come back to Corinth as the new king. Oedipus refuses because he fears he oracles prophecy will come true. The messenger reassures him that Merope his alleged mother did not have any children, and Oedipus was not their real son. Queen begged Oedipus not to continue to question the messenger but he does not listen. â€Å"In the name of the gods, no! If you havesome concern for your own life, then stop! Do not keep investigating this I will suffer-that will be enough (Sophocles)†. Queen no realizes that the prophecy may have actually come true, she tries to protect Oedipus form the truth but he does not listen to her.The messenger goes on to say that in fact Oedipus is the son of King Laius and Queen Jocasta. Queen Jocasta just as shocked as Oedipus if not more, is overwhelmed with as tonishment and pity. â€Å"I cant believe. I cant believe. Oh God. He is my son. Ive loved my son but not as mothers should, but in my bed, in me. All that I loved most, his youth that made our love the summer sun, wrong, all wrong. Vile(Jocasta).† Jocasta is so overwhelmed with guilt, shame and pity. After loveless years of marriage to find someone she really loved and to find out that he is her own son was extremely appalling to Jocasta. Jocasta realizes she was cursed form the day she married King Laius and that it is his entire fault, and because of him she is getting punished. Jocasta ashamed and disgusted cures the god and goddess that she prayed to her whole life. With the truth of the oracle being too much to bear, she could no longer live another day and commits suicide. Victimized by the gods and by her first husband, Jocasta was cursed from the day she was born. Her fate was already decided for her and there was no way around it. Everything she every loved was a cu rse, the five children she more were all curses destined to cause her deep pain. Jocasta Queen of Thebes was surrounded by powerful and royal men, and was left in the background as if she was not important. Queen Jocasta was not only imperative to the aiding of the story, but she gave a more in depth look into Sophocles tragedy. Jocasta should also be as a tragic hero, she had encountered many tragedies. After receiving news about the murder of her husband king Laius, she marries her own son; which was all too much for Jocasta to bear thus prompting her to commit suicide. Consequently, now that the story has been told from Jocastas point of view, readers will have a better understanding of the devastation that Jocasta has endure. Jocasta is in fact really the victim in the play; she is a victim of circumstance and truly has suffered as a result. Works Cited â€Å"Jocasta.† https://teacherweb.com/FL/SAS/Cabrera/Jocasta.pdf. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Dec. 2009. . â€Å"Jocasta by Ruth Eisenberg.† Jocasta by Ruth Eisenberg. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Dec. 2009. . Apollo!. â€Å"Sophocles: Oedipus Rex.† Poetry In Translation A.S. Klines Free Poetry Archive Main Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Dec. 2009. . Sophocles Oedipus the King. Sophocles Oedipus the King. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Dec. 2009. .

Majority vs Minorities :: essays research papers

Majority vs Minorities The majority and the minority bring forth change in policy in a democratic society. Majority rule means that, if there were an over whelming amount of support on a issue their voices would be heard by the government. Our government is run on a majority rule. People in our society elect officials and put their faiths in them to make their choices. In a majority rule the basic concept of democracy is that the people ultimately rule. The Government passes laws that appear to be the â€Å"deliberative will† of the people. However, Government doesn’t do everything the people wants. It takes in information absorbs it and comes with a solution for the majority. In order for the people to be heard they have to get out and participate in the political process. It is our constitutional right to vote, speak and contribute in the selection of our representative in a majority. The minority rights in a democratic society appear to even out with the majority rule in an unusual way. There are some incidents where the minority may have loss, but on the other hand won. For example, when Rosa Parks didn’t give up her seat on that hot Alabama day, she stood up to the majority tyranny. The majority won by putting her in jail, however; the minority prevailed by establishing the civil rights movements. There are many differences between majority rule and minority rights. One of the big differences between the two is majority tyranny. This is when the majority violates the rights of minority’s. When the majority thinks they are in the right they may happen to pass judgment or abuse the minorities who opposes them. Majorities for a long time believed that political equality and political liberty doesn’t belong to the minorities. Minorities believed they have the right to speak or participant in whatever function they believed in.

Discuss the dramatic importance of the witches in Macbeth Essay

Macbeth was written sometime between 1603 and 1606. This coincides with the accession of James VI of Scotland to the English throne, as James I of England, in 1603. The play was certainly written with James in mind. Firstly, it caters for the interests and expertise of James: its fascination with the supernatural would attract his attention. Witchcraft, apparitions, ghosts and the King’s Evil were areas of great concern to James. Secondly, it compliments James by making his ancestor, Banquo, a hero in the play. Thirdly, the play explores the issue of kingship and loyalty. These were of profound importance to James, who had survived an assassination attempt earlier in life. Fourthly, the play is intimately related to the topical events of the Gunpowder plot of 1605 (where loyal people were planning to kill the king) and the subsequent trials of its conspirators. This failed coup was sensational in a number of ways – the sheer audacity of trying to blow up Parliament amazed the country, as did the scale of the treachery involved. Treason is related to the wider theme of appearances. For example, Lady Macbeth advises Macbeth to â€Å"look like th’innocent flower, but be the serpent under’t.†(Act 1, Scene 5, lines 64-65). When saying this, she is trying to convince Macbeth to become a villain and murder King Duncan; this expression could also be showing how scared she is. Lady Macbeth is tempting Macbeth to deceive people and create a disguise to achieve an end. It could also be deduced that the witches possessed the knowledge of what would trigger ambition, greed or deceit in the characters of Lady Macbeth and Macbeth. Throughout the play, the witches have different dramatic functions such as setting the scene, creating or changing the atmosphere, foreshadowing what would happen later on in the play, altering the characters language and minds and they also acted as a plot device. All these dramatic functions will have different effects upon the audience. In this play, there are 5 main dramatic techniques. Firstly, there’s pathetic fallacy. This is used to create an atmosphere by the use of weather. For instance, in this play, it’s used at the beginning of Act 1, Scene 1. For example, â€Å"Thunder and lightning† evokes a feeling of evilness and darkness. This portrays an intimidating beginning. The audience would feel frightened; they would immediately guess it’s a prologue of the evil. Another function of the witches is foreshadowing, which signifies giving clues about future events, which Shakespeare uses to give clues to the audience about future events, by doing this, he makes the audience think in advance. Namely, this technique is used when the witches are playing with Macbeth’s sleep; this example indicates that this creates a feeling of confidence and nervousness amongst the audience. Confidence because the audience will know what is going to happen so they will be prepared for whatever to come. However, the actors on stage wouldn’t know what is going to happen; this indicates that the audience would feel nervous waiting for the reactions of the actors. Besides these, there are three more: dramatic irony, this will create a nervous feeling; this is because the audience would feel nervous waiting for the reactions of the actors. Besides these, there are three more: dramatic irony, this will create a nervous feeling; this is because the audience will know more than the actors on stage. The next one is symbolism, this depends on the audience, some people will have gained the ability to interpret words in different ways, these people will obviously know and understand the play fully however the people who haven’t gained this ability yet, will miss out bits and pieces of information. Finally, there’s plot device. This will be understood by everyone as it’s just the introduction of characters or objects that change events. In this case, the plot device is the witches. They are the ones who change events. This will create fear amongst the audience. In the beginning of Act 1, Scene 1, the witches were introduced as the evil side of this whole play. â€Å"A heath, Thunder, Enter three witches† has a lot of meaning. A heath is a barren land, a deserted place with a rough landscape covered with mud, it’s basically a place where no human being will live, and this creates tension amongst the audience. This is also created by using ‘pathetic fallacy’, another technique, in the word â€Å"thunder†. This word has a lot of meaning; it can be looked as weather, a sign of evil and darkness but also as a danger or warning. This immediately creates fear and tension. When the â€Å"three witches enter† (Act 1, Scene 1), the effect will be almost immediate, somewhere between shock and fear. â€Å"Three† is the number that witches mostly use to symbolise evil, so when the three witches enter, the audience is warned about what’s to come. This relates back to the introduction, in the Jacobean times, the audience will have had a very strong belief in witches and witchcraft; they were convinced that the witches has a lot of power and besides that they also suspected the witches to perform and make spells. On the whole, witches create these dramatic functions by firstly, being the first things to appear on stage, secondly by using pathetic fallacy and by finally talking in the witches language which is mostly made up of chants, spells and evilness. An example of a spell could be â€Å"Thrice the brindled cat hath mewed† which could show evil when we see the words â€Å"three† and â€Å"cats† which are things normally associated with evil. The witches also act as a plot device, they changed Macbeth’s fortune. At the start of the play, Macbeth is seen as the man of action, he is a fearless warrior and an important Lord who defends the king against treachery. He is praised by the King and by everyone else, including the audience. Initially he has a conscience and a highly developed imagination, â€Å"he is full, so valiant† (Act 1 Scene 4) – he sees all too well in his mind the horrors of what he is proposing to do – but he shuts out the implications of what this is telling him. Manhood is important to Macbeth, Shakespeare creates this impression when Macbeth says â€Å"I dare do all that may become a man; Who dares do more is none† (Act 1, Scene 7). This suggests that Macbeth will â€Å"dare† to do anything to show that he’s a man, he also talks back to Lady Macbeth which will give a shock to the audience; this also tells the audience that Macbeth’s manhood is very important to him. This is what the witches play on through Lady Macbeth and her language. The witches influence Lady Macbeth’s language. Lady Macbeth appeals to his manhood when persuading him to murder Duncan in the first place; she also makes a similar appeal during the banquet scene. Lady Macbeth thinks him â€Å"too full o’the milk of human -kindness† -an extraordinary statement in the light of the murders that Macbeth commits. The audience’s point of view on Macbeth also changes from strong and loyal to a treacherous and murderous character. The witches also foreshadow the torture that Macbeth will feel when they say â€Å"Hang upon his penthouse lid; He shall live a man forbid†. These words rhyme; this makes it sound like an enchantment, like a chant. â€Å"I’ll drain him dry as hay!† is a simile, which has been used to create a picture (of a man being tortured) of what’s going to happen to Macbeth. When the audience hears this line with the word â€Å"drain† in it, they will be wondering whether the witches are going to drain him with blood. However it’s only in the next line, â€Å"Sleep shall neither night nor day†, that the audience understands that the witches are going to drain Macbeth with sleep like one of the witches did to the poor sailor because of his wife not giving chestnuts to the witch. â€Å"And munched, and munched, and munched† is a repetition of the woman eating. This emphasises the point and helps the audience to visualise the eating actions. Witches can’t kill so they would do anything possible to play around with the victim’s consciousness. In Act 1, Scene 3, after the sailor’s meeting, all three sisters pronounce a chant. They also link back to evil when they say â€Å"thrice to thine† which again relates back to evil. The audience here will be warned about what’s going to happen to Macbeth, Shakespeare uses foreshadow in this context. With this in mind, when Macbeth says â€Å"Methought I heard a voice cry, Sleep no more: Macbeth does murder sleep† (Act 2, Scene 2) evokes a frightening atmosphere. The audience would be aware of this as it has already been foreshadowed in the previous lines of the witches. This is also showed when the witches say â€Å"Yet it shall be tempest-tossed!†, this also foreshadows what’s going to happen to Macbeth later on, that they are going to toss him a round like he’s in a storm. The witches deliberately play with the characters; they give misleading visions to Macbeth. Macbeth who was once a reputable, loyal and important Lord becomes involved with evil. We can see this when he says â€Å"Though you untie the winds and let them fight†¦Even till destruction sicken† to the witches on Act 4 Scene 1. This shows that Macbeth is prepared to risk all the common hazards of witchcraft, he is prepared to lay down his arms in front of evil. However what he says can also be interpreted as an uncontrolled ambition. Before Macbeth comes to meet the witches, Hecate tells the other witches that Macbeth has used witchcraft â€Å"for his own ends†, not for the witch’s sake (Act 3, Scene 5). In addition, she says that â€Å"by the strength of their illusion, shall draw him on to his confusion†. This again foreshadows what will happen later on to Macbeth. When Macbeth comes on stage, the audience will know more than Macbeth, which is dramatic ir ony. Macbeth received comfort from the three apparitions that the witches call up. They appear in symbolic form. The first, â€Å"an armed head†, represents Macbeth’s own head (wearing a helmet); the â€Å"bloody child† that comes next is Macduff, who has been â€Å"untimely ripp’d’ from his mother’s womb (as he tells Macbeth in Act 5, Scene 7); and the last, the royal child with a tree in his hand, is Malcolm, the rightful King of Scotland who approaches the palace at Dunsinane camouflaged with tree-branches (Act 5, Scene 4). These are all forthcoming events but Macbeth looks at them and interpret them as â€Å"that will never be† (Act 4, Scene 1). The witches also don’t tell him the real meaning as they want him to get confused, they want to see how he’s going to interpret their pictures, and it’s their type of revenge for him as he had used â€Å"witchcraft for his own ends†. He doesn’t think twice about their meanings, he doesn’t even try to understand them. He feels comfortable when he misunderstands that he’s safe. This means that the images can symbolise different things and everyone’s got different ways of interpreting them. Macbeth cannot interpret these symbols, but Shakespeare expects the audience to understand what is meant. This is ‘dramatic irony’- when the truth of a situation is known to the audience but hidden from the characters in the play. There is dramatic irony, too, in the words spoken by the apparitions, for again we understand the real meanings, while Macbeth can only understand the apparent meanings of the words. Macbeth, however, is in no doubt about the significance of the final ‘show of Eight Kings’. The witches want Macbeth to â€Å"Hear his speech, but say thou nought† (Act 4, Scene1). This shows that the witches do not want Macbeth to know what it really means they give ambiguous visions. The witches also say â€Å"Seek to know no more† (Act 4, Scene1), this means that Macbeth always wants more, he is greedy but it could also mean that the witches do not want to tell more. They want Macbeth to use his imagination to work out what the symbolic images mean, even though he goes on the wrong path, they do not stop him but encourage him to find his own interpretations. The audience would also probably feel shocked and surprised to see that a loyal man like him has turned into something evil. One of the main functions of the witches is to affect the language used by other characters – which mirror their evil language. They do this with Lady Macbeth when she starts to use negative and evil connotations. She places herself in the centre of evil, we can see this when she says â€Å"And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell† (Act 1 Scene 5). By placing herself there she becomes one of them. Lady Macbeth starts to use symbolism; she uses lots of symbols related to evil such as â€Å"raven† and â€Å"croaks the fatal entrance†. The raven is a bird associated with evil and fear, raven doesn’t normally croak, fatal also means deadly so the audience might expect murder or something deadly (Act 1 Scene 5). In the beginning of the play (Act 1, Scene 3), Macbeth says â€Å"So foul and fair I have not seen† mirrors the witches words. The effect upon the audience of this oxymoron should be immediate; they understand that what Macbeth just said is the repetition of what the witches said earlier on, this brings panic amongst the audience as they start to guess that Macbeth is letting evil penetrate through him. Macbeth gains the audiences sympathy by exposing his weakness -almost subconsciously. He is not a â€Å"bare-faced† plain murderer, but he is also a prisoner of horrendous imaginings. Shakespeare helps him gain this sympathy by making the audience decide on the moral issues involved. Shakespeare allows Lady Macbeth to explain her husband’s character as she understands it, and although she cannot see the whole truth, she tells us a great deal about Macbeth that is true. Two lines of her soliloquy in Act 1, Scene 5 are particularly significant â€Å"Thou wouldst be great; Art not without ambition, not without The illness should attend it.† By ‘illness’ Lady Macbeth mean ‘evil’, but her metaphor is appropriate; Macbeth catches ‘evil’, as one might catch a disease. Duncan getting killed creates havoc; it upsets the natural order and the reminder to the audience that you have to accept the King or Queen chosen by God is very well interpreted so that the message is clear. If you unbalance the natural order, you’ll allow ‘evil’ to take over. A paradox is used when Macbeth changes from a loyal Lord to a murderer. This is one of the important turning points. Macbeth gains the crown; but he loses love, friendship, respect – and in the end his life. His crime is rightly punished. It can be argued that the witches are not human at all, and therefore cannot be considered as a character. They are certainly a malign force in the play. They do not invite Macbeth to murder Duncan or even suggest such a thing. This shows that witches are very powerful. They symbolise evil, but man is free to resist them. Macbeth’s downfall occurs partly because he comes to depend upon their information. The prophecies weren’t prophecies; they were Macbeth’s driving force. The audience will not be very pleased to see the witches as they are supernatural phenomena; they are the device that unbalances the natural order. The audience will also be partly surprised that Shakespeare has included Hecate, the leader of the witches as a real person. But as I said before it was all in Macbeth’s hand, he was the one to choose his faith.

My Antonia Name Comparisons essays

My Antonia Name Comparisons essays Willa Cathers masterpiece, My Antonia, is a story of nostalgic wistful relationships, mainly between Antonia Shimerda and Jim Burden. With Jim being the narrator, Willa writes through him with sympathy and an evocative, reminiscent tone. Much can be said about Jim Burden and the stress he holds without Antonia in his life. However, she was always in his heart. Willa carries out many personalities through Jim in secretive ways. As a reader, I interpreted Jims last name (Burden) to fit into his personality, and analyzed this information to see if my hypothesis was correct. Websters Dictionary (and other resources) defines burden as something that is emotionally difficult to bear. A source of great worry or stress. To weigh down or oppress. I felt this to fit right in with Jims personality in the way that he was very disheartened and browbeaten by the fact that he went separate ways with Antonia. He let this oppression get to him, and let Antonia stand out as an abstract figure in his mind. Jim allows himself to descend apart from her rather than lingering close to her. Jim always held that special place in his heart for her however. The burden he carried was very heavy and profound but he just could not let her abscond. He had the memories, as they built up to a greater and greater concrete foundation of longing, longing to someday see his childhood companion once again. Jim remains to grasp the good and bad times in his head. He explains the time he sneaks out of his home to the Firemens Hall dance. He walks Antonia back to the Cutters and asks for a kiss. Soon his hope turns into shame as she rejects him. Yet he was content with her virtue and good value, and he walks home with Antonia in his mind and heart. Times go on and he finds the news of Antonias fianc running away from her. He feels deep grieve for her misfortune. ...

Essays Ancient Egypt and Mascara

Essays Ancient Egypt and Mascara Essays: Ancient Egypt and Mascara Alana Morreal Earth Science 2 Lesson 13 Mascara has been around since ancient Egyptian times, and today, millions of women use it. the main ingredient in mascara is petroleum. when putting on mascara we dont necessarily think of how its made or what its made of or how do we get the ingredients to make it. its shocking to knowing how much time and work can go into a little tube of eye makeup. When making mascara there are two types of methods. One is called the anhydrous method and the second is called the emulsion method. In the anhydrous method the ingredients are measured and weighed. Then they are emptied into the mixing tank. Heat is then applied to melt the waxes, and the mixture is agitated. The agitation continues until the mixture reaches a semi-solid state. The emulsion method is different however. This type is made with a lotion base. The way to make this is, water and thickeners are combined. while the waxes and emulsifiers are mixed and heated separately. Pigments are added before both mixtures are combined in a high-speed agitator called a homogenizer. The result of both methods is a semi-solid substance that is ready to be packaged. When buying mascara we don't really think about what it is actually made of, how it is made and how we get the ingredients to make it. The main ingredient in mascara is petroleum. You can't just get petroleum anywhere. In order to get some you need a petroleum extractor to do this job. The process of getting petroleum is hard. You need to find an open area and cut down all the trees and plants. then you need to start drill holes where the petroleum is then you use a rig to drill deeper holes to extract the petroleum.

Christianity 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Christianity 1 - Essay Example Poverty no doubt is one of the elements that is widespread in society. Jesus took the initiative to address the issue of poverty. Before Christianity people had different standards that defined poverty. Poverty was considered obviously to be bad and saw a person in poverty as insignificant one. However, Jesus took a different approach towards poverty. Jesus saw this as a test and said â€Å"Blessed are the poor in spirit†. Clearly, Jesus is emphasizing the fact that the poor will reach salvation and have strong faith. Moreover, Jesus goes on to say that being physically poor is completely different from being spiritually deprived. There may be a man who is deprived of nutrition, is exhausted, fatigue but can still possess an ego and have arrogance. However, a person with humbleness and poor soul is modest and will be forgiven for any minor sins. Spiritual poverty was a concept that was heavily emphasized in this sermon, and Jesus constantly persuaded his followers to be humble , modest, and to be compassionate. Jesus was a huge advocate of prayer. This could be perfectly illustrated through his statement in which he states, â€Å"If he prays, his prayer will not be compulsory, but a declaration of love which expresses the inner feelings that come from the heart and not from the lips.† In essence, Jesus is saying that prayers are necessary to reach spiritual salvation.

Visit museum and discuss this photo with your own words Essay

Visit museum and discuss this photo with your own words - Essay Example This part of the wall has elaborate edges. Moving to the bottom of the picture, the room is well-carpeted. At the left side is a bookshelf filled with books. At the further back, there is an ornately-designed cabinet with a flower vase. A door is beside it with a cherubim carving on top, like an angel guarding its inhabitants. A chair could be near it with fur hanging on it, which seems to have a sinister face. The wall beside it has mirror or a painting. There is another cabinet with a flower vase. The centerpiece where the light falls is the drawing board. This must be a table for an architect, painter, or engineer. An unlit candle is beside the table. A small book is on it, on top of ruler or a long thin object, with a tiny man on top of it. He goes to the direction of the door. On the top of the room is an open roof with slightly dark clouds. It is a cloudy day, but the sun peeks from the left. It is the sun that provides light for the shadows inside the room. I chose this work because it shows openness that is critical to mindfulness. The sky and the sun are symbols of openness. Their entrance into the room removes the boundaries of the world. The clouds are a bit dark because to learn is a difficult task. The man coming out of the books means that, through knowledge, he is reborn. He has become more mindful of his identity and mission in life. The sun shines on him because his path is clearer. He goes to the door, where his destiny waits for him. The man is